Astm e114 pdf

This standard is not included in any packages. A superscript epsilon e indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. Types of information that may be obtained from the pulsed-echo straight-beam practice are as follows: Please first log in with a verified email before subscribing to alerts.

AIAWilson Blvd. Significance and Use 5. Need more than one copy? Register for a trial account. The amplified echoes signals e11 usually presented in an A-scan display, such that the entire round trip of pulsed energy within the resolution of the system may be indicated along the horizontal base line of the display by vertical deflections corresponding to echo amplitudes from each interface, including those from intervening discontinui- ties.

Depth location of discontinuities by calibrating the horizontal scale of the A-scan display. Please first verify your email before subscribing to alerts. By comparison of the displayed discontinuity signal amplitudes to those from a reference standard, both location and estimated discontinuity size may r determined. Referenced Documents purchase separately The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

Current edition approved May 15, Your Alert Profile lists the documents that will be monitored. If the document is revised or amended, you will be notified by email. This transducer is mounted in a holder so it can transmit the waves into the material through a suitable wear surface and couplant. Basis of Application 4. These echoes return to the search unit, where they are converted from mechanical to electrical energy and are ampli- fied by a receiver.

Significance and Use This practice employs the use of normal-incident, or straight beam, longitudinal wave ultrasound for the detection and evaluation of discontinuities in materials requiring volumetric examination. E Standard Practice for Certificate Programs.

BoxColumbus, OH The practice or standard used and its applicable revision shall be specified in the contractual agreement between the using parties. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Although not all requirements of this practice can be applied universally to all inspection situations and materials, it does provide the basis for establishing contractual criteria between suppliers and purchasers of materials for performing contact longitudinal wave pulse-echo examination and may be used as a guide for writing detailed procedures for particular applications.

Please first log in with a verified email before subscribing to alerts. E Standard Guide for Thermocouple Verification. These echoes return to the search unit, where they are converted from mechanical to electrical energy and are ampli- fied by a receiver. Add to Alert PDF. This practice employs the use of normal-incident, or straight beam, longitudinal wave ultrasound for the detection and evaluation of discontinuities in materials requiring volumetric examination.

The assembly of transducer, holder, wearface, and electrical connnector comprise the search unit. Please login to your authorized staff account to use this feature. Depth location of discontinuities by calibrating the horizontal scale of the A-scan display. If you like to setup a quick demo, let us know at support madcad. The 2. Other nondestructive examinations may be used when porosity and slag inclusions must be critically evaluated.

Published June Last previous edition approved in as E - No further reproductions authorized. Examples of reference stan- angle-beam shear-wave and for straight-beam longitudinal- dards are given in Section 7.

A detailed procedure for weld wave examination. Basis of Application square to 1 in. Standardization 4. Test information is graphi- certified by the employer or certifying agency, as applicable. The polar method is detailed in Annex A1. The applicable edition of providing a distance-amplitude curve. Test information is read E shall be specified in the contractual agreement.

The rectangular 4. Reference Standards 4. IIW-type blocks are primarily unless otherwise specified. Since acceptance criteria are extensive bibliography can be found in a published reference. The term IIW Block 5. Search Units Type II is reserved for the miniature angle-beam block recog- 5.

The examination proce- 7. Consideration should also be given to the specifications which are met, or provide detailed documenta- desirability of using comparable wave lengths within the tion. This can be 6 Hotchkiss, F. Other reflector circumstances. These reference reflectors are described in configurations may be used.

Equal-radius reflecting surfaces Table 1. Distance standard- standardization must be corrected for coupling variations ization on a square-notch corner reflector with a depth of 1 to Section 8 and distance amplitude effects Section 9. However, full beam reflections from the square corner of the block will produce erroneous 8. The square corner of the block should not be used 8.

Where extremely as-welded condition, provided the surface condition does not accurate standardization is necessary, a procedure such as that outlined in interfere with valid interpretation of indications. An example is shown in Fig. Adjust the governed by the size of the search unit and refracted angle of delay to place indication 1 at sweep division 1.

Adjust the the sound beam. Where scanning is to be performed along the range to place indication 9 at sweep division 9. Since these top or across this weld, the weld reinforcement may be ground controls interact, repeat the delay and range adjustments until to provide a flat scanning surface.

It is important to produce a indications 1 and 9 are placed at sweep divisions 1 and 9. At this usually provide a satisfactory surface for examination.

Connect these points for the will travel in the angle-beam examination should be com- distance amplitude curve DA Curve. Corner reflections from pletely scanned with a straight-beam search unit to detect the hole to the surface may be observed at 4 and 8 divisions on reflectors that might affect the interpretation of angle-beam the sweep; these indications will not be used in the DA Curve.

Consideration must be Measure the position of the reflector on the surface from the given to these reflectors during interpretation of weld exami- front of the search unit to the surface projection of the hole nation results, but their detection is not necessarily a basis for centerline. Since the depth to the hole is known, the standard- rejection of the base material. The couplant should wet the surfaces of the search unit and the piece, and eliminate any air space between the two.

Typical couplants include water, oil, grease, glycerin, and cellulose gum. The couplant used should not be injurious to the material to be examined, should form a thin film, and, with the exception of water, should be used sparingly.

When glycerin is used, a small amount of wetting agent is often added to improve the coupling properties. When water is used, it should be clean and de-aerated if possible. Inhibitors or wetting agents, or both, may be used.

Equally reflective to different beam angles. However, they bear negligible size relationship to most critical flaws. Flat-bottom hole at examination angle Difficult to manufacture and requires good angular agreement of drilled hole with examination angle. Surface notches Square notches simulate cracks at surface. V-notch half-angle should complement beam angle for maximum response. Viscosity 5 to SAE 10 wt. Attenuation in couplants and wedge ma- terials varies with temperature so that a standardization per- formed in a comfortable room is not valid for examination of either hotter or colder materials.

Distance-Amplitude Correction 9. In addition, the alternative technique and its equipment shall meet all the performance requirements of this standard. For thickness less than 2 in. During examination mum thickness to be examined. Additional standardization the distance amplitude curve may be used to estimate indica- blocks of intermediate thicknesses can be used to obtain tion amplitude in percent of the DA Curve.

The ultrasonic instrument, search unit, 9. Means of accomplishing the equalization of amplitude from equal-size reflectors over the distance range standardization range. The equipment, search unit, couplant, is best described for each instrument in the operating manual etc.

Examination Procedures A-scan display from the reference reflector that gives the Only the area of the reflector that reflects energy to the search unit is measured. See Fig. This method is appropriate for reflectors with dimensions greater than the beam diameter.

For reflectors smaller than the beam, significant FIG. Vee Corner Welds Amplitude evaluation should be based upon experience with actual flaws since artificially produced reflectors are not always directly relatable to real flaw shapes or sizes. For adversely oriented planar flaws, the amplitude may not indicate flaw severity.

It must be emphasized that these methods are dependent on operator skill to such a degree that acceptance of welds based upon this type of information alone is not recommended. Double-Fillet Corner Welds Report